CIDCA   05380
CENTRO DE INVESTIGACION Y DESARROLLO EN CRIOTECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
Bacterial imprinting of the neonatal immune system: lessons from maternal cells?
Autor/es:
PÉREZ, P. F.; DORÉ, J.; LECLERC, M.; LEVENEZ, F.; BENYACOUB, J.; SERRANT, P.; SEGURA-ROGGERO, I.; SCHIFFRIN, E. J. AND DONNET-HUGHES, A.
Revista:
Pediatrics
Referencias:
Año: 2007 vol. 119 p. 724 - 732
ISSN:
1098-4275
Resumen:
OBJECTIVE.We examined the presence of a natural bacterial inoculum in breast milk
and its intracellular transport from the maternal intestine to the breast through the
circulation.
METHODS. Breast milk and peripheral blood were collected aseptically from healthy
donors at various times after delivery, and the presence of viable bacteria was
determined through plating. Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
was used to examine the bacterial ribosomal DNA content in milk cells, maternal
peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and feces and in corresponding infant feces.
Blood from nongravid nonlactating women served as control samples. Bacterial
translocation to extraintestinal tissues was also evaluated in virgin, pregnant, and
lactating mice.
RESULTS. Breast milk contained a low total concentration of microbes of _103
colony-forming units per mL. Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis
revealed that maternal blood and milk cells contained the genetic material of a
greater biodiversity of enteric bacteria. Some bacterial signatures were common to
infant feces and to samples of maternal origin. Bacterial translocation from the gut
to mesenteric lymph nodes and mammary gland occurred during late pregnancy
and lactation in mice.
CONCLUSIONS. Bacterial translocation is a unique physiologic event, which is increased
during pregnancy and lactation in rodents. Human breast milk cells
contain a limited number of viable bacteria but a range of bacterial DNA signatures,
as also found in maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Those peripheral
blood mononuclear cells showed greater biodiversity than did peripheral
blood mononuclear cells from control women. Taken together, our results suggest
that intestinally derived bacterial components are transported to the lactating
breast within mononuclear cells. We speculate that this programs the neonatal
immune system to recognize specific bacterial molecular patterns and to respond
appropriately to pathogens and commensal organisms.