Characterization of Chia Nutlets (Salvia hispanica L.) through the Application of Conventional and Non-Conventional Techniques for the Development of Conservation Protocols

RODRIGUEZ MARÍA EMILIA; SCHNEIDER TEIXEIRA ALINE; DELADINO LORENA; IXTAINA VANESA

Valencia

Conferencia; V International Conference la ValSe-Food and VIII Symposium Chia-Link; 2023

CYTED

Seed deterioration in germplasm banks is assessed by tests of viability and vigor.However, its study can be addressed by techniques such as differential scanningcalorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Seeds withhigh lipid content, such as chia (~35%) may present difficulties for their conservationdue to the degradation of lipids that affects their viability. The objective was to studyphysiological, biochemical and biophysical characteristics in nutlets of three chiagenotypes (WN, MNI, and MNII) by conventional and non-conventional techniques(DSC and FTIR). The normal germination (NG) and mean germination time (TMG) (25°C, 12 h light, 4 repetitions of 50 nutlets) were: 96, 93 and 63%; 1.08, 1.17 and 2.11days and those of viability tetrazolium test 100, 96 and 77% for WN, MNI, and MNIIrespectively. The values of electrical conductivity at 24 h of imbibition varied between512.35-321.05 μs.g-1.cm-1 (24 h), negatively correlating with NG and TMG. Freefatty acids ranged from 0.41-1.32% 18:1 and δ-tocopherol ranged from 32.9-29.7μg.g-1 correlating with GN and TMG. Finally, the enthalpy of fusion for seeds and oilsvaried between 19.4-21.3 and 55.9-64.1 J.g-1 correlating with GN and TMG. Theanalysis of PCA principal components of the spectral images allowed separating thegenotypes being the peaks of 1742 cm-1 and the triplet 3009-2854 cm-1 those thatexplained the variance associated with the methyl, methylene, and carbonyl groupsof lipids. These results are promising for the application of unconventional techniquesin the analysis of accessions quickly and with fewer samples.