CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

Background and objectives: Partial essential fatty acids deficiency (EFAD) as well as the presence of trans fatty acids (TFA) could alter the balance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and cell content of free radical scavengers. Therefore, EFAD could modify vulnerability of cells to oxidative injury and affect the tissue. Glutathione (GSH) that may be oxidized to glutathione disulfide (GSSG) plays a central role in the defense against oxidative damage and signaling pathways. Concentrations of GSH, GSSG and its molar ratio are indicators of oxidative stress. The objective was to evaluate the effect of TFA on the brain oxidative status in animals with and without EFAD. Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed (60 days) with a Control (CD), CD+TFA (CDT), EFAD (DD) and DD + TFA (DDT) diets. Fatty acids incorporation into the brain was measured by GC. The brain GSSG and GSH content by capillary electrophoresis with a P/ACE 5010 (Beckman) with UV detection and the lipoperoxidation (LPO) degree by Ohkawa method were determined. Results were expressed as the mean ± SEM. Data was compared by Two-Way ANOVA, followed by Duncan´s test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant between groups. Results: TFA showed a low incorporation into the brain (< 0.5%), independently of the EFA status. EFAD, but not the TFA supplementation, altered the brain lipoperoxidation (CD: 70.2±3.8; CDT: 60.7±3.8; DD: 70.3±1.8 and DDT: 61.0±1.3) and TFA significantly increased the GSH content (CD: 1.46±0.03; CDT: 1.24±0.08; DD: 1.47±0.02 and DDT: 1.25±0.08). Conclusion: Even though TFA showed a low incorporation in a short period of exposition, GSH content was altered. A longer exposure of TFA could lead to an increase in the oxidative damage in brain, independently of EFAD.

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