A byproduct from the Valles Calchaquíes vineyards (Argentina) rich in phenolic compounds: A tool against endemic Leishmania dissemination Environmental Science and Pollution Research

SALAZAR, PAULA; MARTÍN FANZONE; BRENDA A. ZABALA ; BARROSO PAOLA; RODRÍGUEZ-VAQUERO, MARÍA JOSÉ; MINAHK, CARLOS JAVIER; ACUÑA LEONARDO

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Springer

Año: 2023

2623-4874

Vineyard-derived pomace is a byproduct of the wine industry that can have a negative impact onthe environment if it is only disposed of or used as a fertilizer. Owing to its polyphenol content,grape pomace is an alternative to biocontrol undesirable microorganisms. In the present study, wecharacterized the phenolic composition of red and white grape pomace from Valles Calchaquíes,Argentina, and explored its activity against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, an etiologicalagent of American tegumentary leishmaniasis, a neglected endemic disease in northernArgentina. Red and white pomace extracts similarly reduced Leishmania viability after a 48 htreatment, with the fractions containing a higher proportion of phenolic compounds being moreactive. Both extracts stimulated ATPase activity on the parasite plasma membranes, with whitegrape pomace having a stronger effect than red grape pomace. In addition, the extracts displayedfairly good anticholinesterase activity, which may have contributed to their anti-Leishmania activity.These results reinforce the potential applicability of grape pomace as an antimicrobial agent for thedevelopment of biopesticides.Keywords: Grape pomace, Polyphenols, American tegumentary leishmaniasis,Acetylcholinesterase.