Grape pomace extract induced beige cells in white adipose tissue from rats and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

RODRIGUEZ LANZI, C.; LANDA, MS; FONTANA, A; MIATELLO, RM; OTEIZA, I; PERDICARO, D.J.; ANTONIOLLI, A; VAZQUEZ PRIETO, MA

JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2018 vol. 10 p. 224 - 233

0955-2863

This study investigated the effects of a grape pomace extract (GPE) rich inphenolic compounds, on brown-like adipocyte induction and adiposity inspontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and control normotensive Wistar?Kyoto(WKY) rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). HFD consumption for 10 weekssignificantly increased epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) in WKY but notin SHR rats. Supplementation with GPE (300 mg/kg body weight/day) reducedadipocyte diameter and increased levels of proteins that participate inadipogenesis and angiogenesis, i.e. peroxisome-proliferator activated receptorgamma (PPAR), vascular endothelial grow factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor2 (VEGF-R2), and partially increased the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in WKY.In both strains, GPE attenuated adipose inflammation. In eWAT from SHR,GPE increased the expression of proteins involved in adipose tissue "browning"i.e. PPARγ-coactivator-1α (PGC-1alfa), PPARγ, PR domain containing 16(PRDM16) and UCP-1. In primary cultures of SHR adipocytes, GPE-induced UCP-1 upregulation was dependent on p38 and ERK activation. Accordingly, in3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with palmitate the addition of GPE (30 uM) activatedthe β-adrenergic signaling cascade (PKA, AMPK, p38, ERK). This led to the associated upregulation of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC1α,PPARγ, PRDM16 and UCP-1) and fatty acid oxidation (ATGL). Theseeffects were similar to those exerted by (-)-epicatechin and quercetin, majorphenolic compounds in GPE. Overall, in HFD-fed rats, supplementation with GPE promoted brown-like cell formation in eWAT and diminished adipose dysfunction. Thus, winemaking residues, rich in bioactive compounds, could beuseful to mitigate the adverse effects of HFD-induced adipose dysfunction.