MODULATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA BY CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LACTIC ACID BACTERIA

FABERSANI, EMANUEL; RUSSO, MATIAS IRINEO; MARQUEZ, ANTONELA; ROSS, ROMINA; ABEIJON MUKDSI, MARIA CLAUDIA; MEDINA, ROXANA; GAUFFIN CANO, MARIA PAOLA

Campinas

Simposio; 12 SLACA - Simpósio Latino Americano de Ciência de Alimentos; 2017

UNICAMP

The gut microbiota (GM) plays a pivotal role in host health, and its composition is mostly influenced by diet. Its metabolic activity improves the bioavailability of nutrients and degradation of non-digestible compounds. It was reported that caloric restriction (CR) induced changes in gut microbiota and those can exert a health benefit on the host. Dietary strategies that modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota could favor the beneficial effect of CR. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of CR with and without the administration of lactic acid bacteria on the composition of GM. Balb/c mice were separated into the following groups: SD: Standard diet, CR: 25% caloric restriction, and the groups: CR plus Lactobacillus (L) fermentum CRL1446 or Lactococcus lactis CRL1434 or L. casei CRL431 (108 CFU/day) in the drinking water. The dietary intervention was maintained for 45 days. GM composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, at 20 and 45 days.GM was profoundly affected by CR. An increase of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria members and reduction of Firmicutes in mice under CR diet compared to SD group was observed. CR diet promoted the presence of mainly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genus in the gut, and CRL1446 administration induced an increase of Bifidobacterium abundance. CRL431 induced increase of Firmicutes and reduction of Bacteroidetes members, compared to CR. Finally, in mice fed CRL1434 no significant changes were observed with respect to CR group.This is the first study reporting a bifidogenic effect associated with CR diet. The influence of CR on the composition of GM is modulated in a strain-dependent manner.