Free and Encapsulated 2(3)-Tert-Butyl-4 Hydroxyanisole (BHA) Application to Protect Outdoor Stored Peanut Destined for the Food Industry from Fungi and Aflatoxins Contamination

GARCÍA, D.; GIRARDI, N.S.; PASSONE, M.A.; NESCI, A.; ETCHEVERRY, M.

Arachis Hypogaea - Cultivation, production and Nutritional value

Nova Science Publishers Inc.

Año: 2021; p. 209 - 229

In this work, the effect of free and microencapsulated 2(3)-tert-butyl-4 hydroxyanisole (BHA) on peanuts (Arachis hipogaea L.) intended forindustry stored in Australian type cells was evaluated. Two hundredkilograms of peanut were used for each silo and stored outdoor during 70days. Three treatments were applied in duplicate: 10 mM of free BHA (T1);the mix (5:5 Mm) of free and microencapsulated (BHA and F-BHA) (T2);5 mM of free BHA on the floor of the experimental unit and 5 mM of FBHAhomogenizedwith the peanut (T3). And finally, two units withoutany treatment were use as controls. Fungal populations, total aflatoxins(AFs), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) accumulation, BHA residues, peanut damages(insect damage and visible fungal development) and environmental factorsvariations were evaluated. Significant (p < 0.05) fungitoxic effects wereobserved in all treatments, with reductions in the order of 40% comparedto the control, after 26 days. After this time, the effect decreased beingfungal count similar between treatments and control. No AFs were detectedduring the two first samplings. However, at the end of the trial, AFs levelsincreased, being in the order of 60% higher in peanuts from T2 and T3 thanin the control. Besides, residual levels of the antioxidant were detectedthroughout the experiment with the highest levels at 26 days (200-900ng/g). These results show that the treatment of peanut destined for industrywith free BHA could be used as part of alternative strategy for control offungal contamination during 30 days when the raw material may be storedunder direct environmental influence.