Fingerprints for Main Varieties of Argentinean Wines: Terroir Differentiation by Inorganic, Organic and Stable Isotopic Analyses Coupled to Chemometrics.

DI PAOLA, R.; BARONI, M.V.; PODIO, N.S.; RUBINSTEIN, H.R.; FABANI, M.P.; BADINI, R.; INGA, C.M.; OSTERA, H.; CAGNONI, M.; GALLEGOS, E.; PERAL-GARCIA, P.; HOOGEWERFF, J.; WUNDERLIN, D. A.

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

AMER CHEMICAL SOC

Año: 2011 vol. 59 p. 7854 - 7865

0021-8561

Our main goal was investigate if robust chemical fingerprints could be developed for three 33 Argentinean red wines based on organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns, in relation to theArgentinean red wines based on organic, inorganic and isotopic patterns, in relation to the 34 regional soil composition. Soils and wines from three regions: Mendoza, San Juan andregional soil composition. Soils and wines from three regions: Mendoza, San Juan and 35 C¨®rdoba; and three varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah were collected. TheC¨®rdoba; and three varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec and Syrah were collected. The 36 phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-MS/MS; multi-elemental composition by ICPMS;phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-MS/MS; multi-elemental composition by ICPMS; 87Sr/86Sr and ¦ÄSr/86Sr and ¦Ä 13C by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. Chemometrics allowed robust 37 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. C by TIMS and IRMS, respectively. Chemometrics allowed robust 37 38 differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions.differentiation between regions, wines varieties and the same variety from different regions. 39 Among phenolic compounds, resveratrol concentration was the most useful marker forAmong phenolic compounds, resveratrol concentration was the most useful marker for 40 wine differentiation, while Mg, K/Rb, Ca/Sr and 87Sr/86Sr were the main inorganic andwine differentiation, while Mg, K/Rb, Ca/Sr and 87Sr/86Sr were the main inorganic and 41 isotopic parameters selected. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) using two studiedisotopic parameters selected. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) using two studied 42 matrixes (wine and soil) shows consensus between them and clear differences betweenmatrixes (wine and soil) shows consensus between them and clear differences between 43 studied areas. Finally, we applied a Canonical Correlation Analysis, demonstratingstudied areas. Finally, we applied a Canonical Correlation Analysis, demonstrating 44 significant correlation (r = 0.99; p < 0.001) between soil and wine composition. To oursignificant correlation (r = 0.99; p < 0.001) between soil and wine composition. To our 45 knowledge this is the first report combining independent variables, constructing aknowledge this is the first report combining independent variables, constructing a 46 fingerprint including elemental composition, isotopic and polyphenol patterns tofingerprint including elemental composition, isotopic and polyphenol patterns to 47 differentiate wines, matching part of this fingerprint with provenance soil.differentiate wines, matching part of this fingerprint with provenance soil.