CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

IntroductionStaphylococcus aureus, one of the main contagious pathogen in bovine mastitis around the world, is characterized for causing chronic intramammary infections that respond poorly to antimicrobial therapy and disseminate within the herd, producing high economic losses. The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the eventual emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among S. aureus that cause bovine mastitis around the world from 1982 to 2018.Materials and MethodsThis systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) (Moher et al., 2015). The work protocol was carried out in five steps: search strategy, study selection, outcome variable, information extraction and statistical analysis. The statistical analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-analysis version 2.2 (2011).Results and DiscussionPrevalence of antimicrobial-resistant S. aureusPenicillin G showed the highest overall prevalence of resistant S. aureus (p-estimate=0.46, 95% CI 0.41-0.50), followed by clindamycin, erythromycin, and cefoxitine (p-estimate=0.10, 0.09, and 0.08, respectively). Ceftiofur and cephalotin presented the lowest overall prevalence of AMR (p-estimate=0.0 and 0.02, respectively). Penicillin has been used in veterinary medicine for several decades, and together with erythromycin were used as growth promoters before 1982. The use of beta-lactams for mastitis prevention and treatment is widespread. Furthermore, most of the intramammary preparations are based on penicillin and aminoglycosides (Menéndez et al., 2010). These could favor the AMR observed in this meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance over timeThe AMR to almost all the antimicrobials evaluated (with the exception of cefquinome and cefoxitine) presented an increasing pattern over time (P

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