Enzymatic Degumming of Sunflower oil

LAMAS, D.; CECI, L.; CRAPISTE, G.H.; CONSTENLA, D.

Phoenix

Congreso; 101st AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo; 2010

AOCS

Enzymatic Degumming of Sunflower Oil D.L. Lamas, L.N. Ceci, D.T. Constenla*, G.H. Crapiste; Plapiqui (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina Lecitase Ultra (Phospholipase A1, PLA1, from Thermomyces lanuginosus) and Maxapal A2 (Phospholipase A2, PLA2 from Aspergillus niger) were used to degumming crude sunflower oil. The assays were carried out in batch system with continuous agitation using the following conditions: buffer concentration=2% v/m (0.1 M sodium citrate/sodium hydroxide, pH=5); temperature=50 °C, enzyme concentrations= 100 and 200 U/kg of oil. Aliquots of reaction mixture were sampled at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after enzyme solution was added, then were heated 30 min at 100 °C to stop the enzymatic reaction and centrifuged 10 min at 5000 rpm to recovery oil and aqueous phases. The oils were analyzed for phosphorous content (AOCS Ca 12-55) and acidity (IUPAC 2.201). Blanks without enzyme were performed to study the degumming induced by buffer solution. The phosphorous content in crude oil was 899 ± 83 mg/kg and was reduced to about 40 mg/kg after 120 min of treatment with buffer. Booth enzymes produced oils with lower levels of phosphorous, being PLA1 the most effective (oils with minor than 5 mg of phosphorous/kg at 100 U/kg, 120 min). Under the same conditions, PLA2 degummed to phosphorous level of 25-30 mg/kg. The increase in enzyme concentration (200 U/kg) produced oils with lower phosphorous level resulting about 15 and 1 mg/kg for PLA2 and PLA1, respectively.