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The Construction of Ethnic Identities in the Ancient Rome. Vergils Aeneid. Abstract: The general question of this subject is enclosed in actual studies about Ethnicity and Identity in the Roman Antiquity. Our research process is based on ethnicity as a concept socially constructed and subjectively perceived. That is why Historiography and Literary works from Antiquity is the main root for researching about ethnic identity construction and henceforth from this statement our general aim consist in produce a rereading of the Roman fonts with appropriate interpretative criteria. This approach will allow develop the true dimension of ethnicity as fundamental component in political, social, and cultural processes developed in the Roman World. In according to this general aim, we will analyze Vergil s Aeneid as one of the most important font to research the construction of ethnic identities and observe the ethnic diversity, connecting the foundation of a new political order with reformulation and construction of new identities and the ethnic diversity structure that will be hidden behind the idea of Romanity.