A crossover study of antimicrobial capacity and biotoxicity of silver nanoparticles

SOSA, AYELEN MORENA; IGARTÚA, DANIELA EDITH; ALONSO, SILVIA DEL VALLE; PRIETO, MARIA JIMENA; MARTINEZ, CAROLINA SOLEDAD

APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY

JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD

Año: 2024

0268-2605

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a primordial role in the nanotechnologyindustry since they have great antimicrobial effects against diversepathogens. AgNP production, use, and discard have been increasing; still,there is debate about the consequences of exposure to AgNPs for animalsand humans. The bioaccumulation and toxicity of AgNPs depend on severalfactors, including AgNP concentration, physicochemical characteristics, andaggregation. So, complete activity and toxicity profiles for each silver nano-particle synthesized must be performed. The present work aimed to charac-terize the behavior of specific AgNPs, then crossover of their antimicrobialcapacity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus withtheir potential in vitro cytotoxic effects in murine fibroblasts (3T3) andhuman keratinocytes (HaCat) cell lines, and in vivo general andorgan-specific toxicity in zebrafish embryos and larvae. A high susceptibilityof P. aeruginosa and S. aureus to low concentrations of AgNPs was observed,yet a cytotoxic effect was also detected in 3T3 and HaCat cells. Moreover,these concentrations delayed embryonic development in zebrafish embryosand presented morphological abnormalities, neurotoxicity, and cardiotoxicityin zebrafish larvae. The results highlight the importance of jointly evaluatingthe antimicrobial activity and the toxicological profile of each nanoparticlemanufactured; this study presents a suitable platform for such crossoverassessment.