Fusarium subglutinans / Fusarium temperatum in Argentinean maize

M. V. FUMERO; M. M. REYNOSO; S. N. CHULZE

Congreso; ISM-MycoRed International Conference; 2013

ISPA - CNR

Maize samples were collected from two main maize producing areas from Argentina. The Northwest region (NOA) and the central region, located to 1875 kilometers, were evaluated for isolation of Fusarium subgltutinans and Fusarium temperatum. From 1080 strains isolated belonging to the Fusarium genera, 114 were identified morphologically from monosporic cultures as Fusarium subglutinans/Fusarium temperatum, of which 21% were isolated from the central area, while the remaining 79% were isolated from the NOA area. From the 114 strains, DNA was extracted using CTAB technique and sequencing of the TEF-1α using both primers (EF-1 and EF-2) was done. The sequences were compared with sequences availables in GenBank (en el paper de Scauflaire dice q las depositaron en GenBank, y no pude abrir la FusariumID, parece como si no funcionara, por las dudas yo dejaría GenBank). One group of strains showed between 99% and 100% of homology with F. temperatum strains from MUCL Collection, Belgium, and the other group, showed 100% homology with F. subglutinans strains from KSU collection, USA. Most of the strains identified as F. temperatum were isolated from maize from the NOA region, and a small number of the strains from this region were identified as F. subglutinans. All the strains isolated from the central region were identified as F. subglutinans. Among the strains isolated from the central region, both mating (MATE-1 and MATE-2) were detected by PCR. Among the F. temperatum identified from NOA, both mating types were detected (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2). The ability to produce beauvericin (BEA) and fusaproliferin (FUS) on gamma irradiated maize grains (40% humidity) and incubated at 25°C ± 1°C, during 28 days in darkness was evaluated. The analysis and detection of the mycotoxins was done by HPLC-UV. Strains isolated from the two areas were BEA and FUS producers. This is the first report of F. temperatum isolation in miaze harvested in Argentina.