Modulation of gut microbiota by caloric restriction and lactic acid bacteria

RUSSO, M.; ABEIJÓN MUDKSI, M. C; FABERSANI, E.; ROSS, R.; GAUFFIN CANO, PAOLA; MARQUEZ, A.; MEDINA, R.B.

San Pablo

Simposio; XXII° Simposio Latino Americano de Ciencia de Alimentos; 2017

The gut microbiota (GM) plays a pivotal role in host health, and its composition is mostly influenced by diet. Its metabolic activity improves the bioavilability of nutrinets and degradation of non-digestible compounds. It was reported that caloric restriction (CR) induced changes in gut microbiota and those can exert a health benefit on the host. Dietary strategies that modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota could favor the beneficial effect of CR. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of CR with and without the administration of lactic acid bacteria on the composition of GM.Balb/c mice were separated into the following groups: SD: standard diet, CR: 25% caloric restriction, and the groups: CR plus Lactobacillus (L) fermentum CRL 1446 or Lactococcus lactis CRL 1434 or L. casei CRL431 (10 8 CFU/day) in the drinking water. The dietary intervention was maintained for 45 days. GM composition was determined by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, at 20 and 45 days.GM was profoundly affected by CR. An increase of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria members and reduction of Firmicutes in mice under CR diet compared to SD group was observed. CR diet promoted the preset of mainly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genus in the gut, and CRL 1446 administration induced and increase of Bifidobacterium abundance. CRL 431 induced increase of Firmicutes and reduction of Bacteroidetes members, compared to CR. Finally, in mice fed CRL 1434 no significant changes were observed with respect to CR group.This is the first study reporting a bifidogenic effect associated with CR diet. The influence of CRon the composition of GM is modulated in a strain-dependent manner.