Heterosis and Reciprocal Effects of Agronomic Traits and Metabolites in Tomato Fruits.

BUENO, RODRIGO A.; RODRÍGUEZ, GUSTAVO R.; PEREIRA DA COSTA, JAVIER H; FORTUNY, AGUSTINA P; ZANOR, M INÉS

Thessaloniki

Congreso; SOL International Online Meeting 2020; 2020

Sol International Organizing Committee

The hybrids in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are mostly cultivated due to their disease resistance, productivity, and fruit quality. The existence of heterosis has been studied in tomato for many years. However, the influence of the parental order in the cross over the hybrid?s performance, i.e. the reciprocal effect, has not been explored. This work aimed to detect heterosis and reciprocal effects in agronomic traits and metabolites. The plant material included 20 hybrids obtained by crossing two American heirlooms: Purple Pear and Green Zebra, and three RILs obtained from the Tomato Breeding Program at Facultad de Cs. Agrarias, UNR: Querubín, Gema, and ToUNR17 following a full diallelic mating design. We measured 12 agronomic traits and 28 metabolites. A PCA analysis, including the means of all traits and genotypes, showed that the hybrid?s performance was enlarged compared to the phenotypic variation of parental genotypes. Heterosis and reciprocal effect were confirmed for each cross and trait using ANOVA. There was heterosis when the hybrid had a better performance than the best parental genotype (P