Study of the metabolic impact of hyperlipemic diets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: preliminary results

AVENA MARIA; FORNÉS MIGUEL WALTER; HEREDIA ROCIO; COLOMBO R; BOARELLI PAOLA VANINA; ELIAS MARIA; MUSSI STOIZIK, JESSICA; SAEZ LANCELLOTI TANIA

rosario

Congreso; Sociedad Argentina de Fisiología. Reunión Anual 2019; 2019

Metabolic disorders associated with the diet are of greatimpact on health, due to their relation to chronicnoncommunicable diseases. Peripheral bloodmononuclear cells (PBMC) have an important role asearly biomarkers in the study of the impact of fat-richdiets on lipid metabolism. These allow deepening theknowledge of the pathogenesis by non-invasive methods.Therefore, the objective is to study PBMC as a researchtool for gene expression in alterations of lipidmetabolism. Samples were obtained of ten New Zealandrabbits, divided in control group (N=5) fed with balancedfeed (C), and case group (N=5) fed with the same feedsupplemented with a 17% bovine fat (G). Fat groups donot receive fructose overload, keeping constant theconcentration of carbohydrates and proteins, typical ofthe basic balanced food. Biochemical tests wereperformed to determine the levels of blood glucose (Gl),triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (CT). In PBMC,immunohistochemical tests (IHQ) were performed forSREBP1c and SERBP2 (Protein binding to sterileregulatory elements). Similar values of Gl (C: 140 ± 28.4mg/dl vs. G: 118.3 ± 12.0 mg/dl) and TG (C: 144.1 ± 15.5mg/dl vs. G: 135.6 ± 8.3 mg/dl) can be observed inpreliminary biochemical studies of both groups, whilegroup G shows an increase in CT (42.8 ± 21.6 mg/dl)compared to the group C (27.1 ± 4.5 mg/dl). However,some animals of group G have similar values to group Cfor CT (21.7 ± 2.4 mg/dl), normocholesterolemia group(NG). Thus, these animals do not show biochemicalchanges despite the intake of fat as occurs with others. Inaddition, liver tissue studies showed steatosis (oil red Ostain), as well as the presence of SREBP1c(perinuclear/nuclear ratio: C: 2.0, G: 0.71, NG: 1.81) andSERBP2 (perinuclear/nuclear ratio: C: 3.29, G: 0.85, NG:0.57) in PBMC. In conclusion, these results would indicatean activation of gene regulation without changes at thebiochemical level. These results indicate that it is possibleto study gene expression in PBMC, because it canobserve the presence of specific molecules related tolipid metabolism.