SPERMATIC ALTERATIONS AS MARKERS OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND THEIR IMPROVEMENT WITH OLIVE OIL CONSUMPTION

FORNES MW.

Buenos Aires

Congreso; Reunión conjunta de sociedades científicas; 2017

SAIC y otras

SPERMATIC ALTERATIONS AS MARKERS OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIAAND THEIR IMPROVEMENT WITH OLIVE OIL CONSUMPTIONMIGUEL FORNES(Instituto de Histología y Embriología ?Dr. Mario H. Burgos?, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina)Grease- enriched food is associated to hypercholesterolemia.But, a slight reduction of fat linked to virginolive oil (VOO) ingestion is enough to decrease diet-inducedhypercholesterolemia. Moreover, the seminal andsperm parameters altered under hypercholesterolemicenvironment were also recovered by VOO. Cholesterolis a key molecule in sperm life because it is involved inseveral steps of sperm physiology: sperm capacitation,acrosomal reaction among others less recognized. Inthis sense, an increment in sperm membrane cholesterolwould not be strange to interfere with the process, promotinga decrease in: p-Y protein (capacitation marker)and acrosomal index induced by progesterone. Bothparameters are also accompanied by teratozoospermiaand a reduced sperm cell number in semen. The last detrimentaleffects of high cholesterol could be attributableto defects at seminiferous tubules, low efficient of thespermatogenetic epithelium and failed spermiogenesis.In morphological detailed analysis it was observed thatmanchete/acroplaxoma arrangement was disrupted. Theacrosomal and nuclear rings normally are pulled down,toward the implantational site of flagellum, by the manchette,a specific tridimensional microtubule complex.Under grease food intake, these structures were asymmetricgenerating abnormal sperm head and flagella implantationout of the central sperm axis. Furthermore, microtubulesand actin filaments, that normally co localizeduring sperm conformation, does not match under highserum cholesterol. Interestingly, VOO incorporated todiet promotes a re-colocalization and normal sperm development.It is also observed that apoptotic cells appearin seminiferous tubules, as well as uncorrelated spermatogonialand spermatocyte cells frequency; any ofthem would contribute to explain the tubular decreasedefficiency. Fortunately, VOO added to a grease diet recoversthe normal spermatogenetic way in adult rabbitspromoting normal sperm parameters.