Beneficial effect of probiotics consumption on the immune system

PERDIGÓN GABRIELA; MALDONADO GALDEANO, CAROLINA

Buenos Aires

Congreso; IUNS 21st International Congress of Nutrition; 2017

The gastrointestinal tract is one of the most active microbiologicallyecosystems that play a crucial role for the functioning of theMucosal Immune System (MIS). In this ecosystem, probiotic microorganisms,that enter orally can stimulate the Immune System andinduce a network of signals, mediated for the whole bacteria or theircell wall structure (originated by the effect of antimicrobial substancesfrom the Paneth cells): 1) to the intestinal epithelial cells or theimmune cells associated, to the lamina propria; 2) the interactionsinduce the production of different cytokines or chemokine as MCP1(macrophage chemoattractant) from the IEC, that in turn will sendsignals to the immune cells, which contribute to the MIS activation.We demonstrate: a) probiotic strains stimulate the mucosal immunityincreasing the number of IgA +cells in the intestine, the activityof T cells, and induce inmunomodulation by IL-10 release. We determinedthe importance of the probiotic viability b) that in the interactionwith the epithelial cell and macrophages, Tol like receptors(TLRs), mainly TLR2 are involved, and also the mannose receptor,3) probiotics favor the innate immune response, where macrophagesand DCs play an important role, without inducing an inflammatoryimmune response, they only produce a slight increase in the cellularityof the lamina propria. We demonstrate the effectiveness ofprobiotics in Salmonella infection by an increase in the microbicidalactivity of peritoneal and spleen macrophages. In malnutrition modelswith an improvement in the histology of intestine and thymus inboth: undernutrition and obesity with an improvements in ImmuneSystem functionality. We determine in a respiratory allergy model,that a PFM diminished the levels of IgE by induction of Th1 balance,that favor the production of IgG instead of IgE. These biologicalmechanisms observed mediated by probiotic stimulation, open thedoor for the study of anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We demonstratedthe anti-inflammatory effect of yogurt in IBD model, wherewe observed a decrease in the inflammatory cytokine IL-17. Weconclude that probiotic strains, PFM and yogurt have an importantrole in the functionality of the MIS and in the immune surveillance,through the mechanisms of immunoregulation