Flammulina velutipes: an option for ?alperujo? use

BERNARDO E. LECHNER; LAURA LEVIN; MAXIMILIANO RUGOLO

REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE MICOLOGIA

ASOCIACION ESPANOLA MICOLOGIA-AEM

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2016 vol. 33 p. 242 - 247

1130-1406

tBackground: Two-phase olive-mill wastes (or ?alperujo?) exhibit highly phytotoxic properties, mainlydue to phenols. A valuable option for alperujo is its agricultural use, provided that no phytotoxic effectsoccur.Aims: The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two strains of the lignin-degradingfungus Flammulina velutipes to colonize alperujo in order to produce edible mushrooms and to achieveits detoxification.Methods: Some important cultural characters related to mushroom production (earliness, biological effi-ciency and quality of basidiomes) were estimated. The production of lignocellulolytic enzymes, phenolremoval and detoxification of the substrate was evaluated.Results: High biological efficiencies (70.8%) were obtained at 12◦C with F. velutipes strain BAFC 670/06 in asubstrate containing poplar wood shavings and 90% of alperujo. The nature of the substrate did not seem toexert an important influence on pileus and stem morphology; nevertheless shortest stems were observedat higher temperatures. Endo--1,4-glucanase, endo--1,4-xylanase, laccase and Mn-peroxidase activi-ties were detected in the extracts recovered from the solid-state cultures. Both F. velutipes strains wereeffective in removing the phenolic compounds. The initial concentration in the substrate with 90% alpe-rujo was reduced in the case of F. velutipes BAFC 1763 by 84.31%, and 40.15% by F. velutipes BAFC 670/06.Germinability experiments on Raphanus sativus, showed that alperujo phytotoxicity was significantlyreduced by F. velutipes cultures.Conclusions: The experimented changes by the spent mushroom substrate resulting from F. velutipescultivation with high amount of alperujo would allow its reuse for agricultural purposes.