Silica nanoparticles biocompatibility and drug delivery

MF DESIMONE

Estocolmo

Congreso; European Advanced Material Congress; 2018

Nanoparticlesare widely used for biomedical purposes. There are common methods of silicananoparticle production, modification and its applications in biomedicalinvestigations and nanotoxicology. In this work, the effect of silica particlesof various sizes (from 10 to 1430 nm) on monocyte/macrophage cells which areamong the first line of defense against foreign aggression is analysed. Basalfunction processes common to all types of cells (i.e., viability andproliferation) and specialized cell functions (i.e., cytokine secretion,nitrites production and activation markers) were carefully analysed, providinga clear evidence of the size and time dependent differential effect of silicamicroparticles and NPs on basal and specialized monocyte functions. In order toknown the hemolytic behaviors of NP, human red blood cells (RBC) were incubatedwith NPs (10 mM) and hemoglobin released (DO 540 nm) were determinate asindicator of RBC hemolysis. We determinate bare silica NPs previously treatedwith human serum decrease the RBC hemolysis (2.6-4.1 % hemolysis) respect baresilica NPs only (81.8-86.4 % hemolysis). On the other hand, aminefunctionalized NPs do not affect RBC (0-8 % hemolysis). Finally, the use ofsilica nanoparticles in biomedicine is presented in terms of antibioticdelivery and their application in tissue engineering. Indeed, silica particlesallowing for the dual delivery of gentamicin and rifamycin were synthesized. Theantibacterial activity of the core?shell particles against Staphylococcusaureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated the dual release and action ofthe two antibiotics. In conclusion, it is possible to tune the characteristicsof the silica nanoparticles in order to meet the requirements of each desiredbiomedical application.