The galbanum odor of Mulinum spinosum

VAN BAREN C,; RIEDEL, J.; DI LEO LIRA, P.,; BANDONI, AL,; MOSCATELLI, V.; RETTA, D.,; DELLACASSA, E

Niza

Simposio; 47th International Symposium on Essential Oils (47th ISEO),; 2016

Mulinumspinosum(Cav.)Persoon (Apiaceae), commonly known as ?neneo?, is a thorny divaricating shrubvery widespread in the dry steppe of Patagonia in Argentina. It accumulates anoleogumresin (containing 12% essential oil) in stems and roots, which possessesa strong aromatic and characteristic smell which has been described asreminiscent of galbanum. These resin exudates after incisions or removal ofabove ground biomass. Galbanum oil is obtained of Ferula galbanifluaBoissieret Buhse (Apiaceae) and is widely used in perfumery to confer green notes andenhance fougére, chypre and oriental notes. Thechemical composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation fromroots and aerial parts of ?neneo? collected in 14 different localities of thePatagonia region in Argentina was analyzed by GC-FID-MS and NMR C13showing apredominant monoterpene fraction. A total of 135 compounds accounting for86.0-99.5% of the oils were identified. The main components were: α-tujhene (1.2-34.0%), α-pinene (tr-8.1%), 3-nonyne(0.8-30.6%), p-cymene (3.4-15.0%) and spathulenol (6.3 -36.0%). In addition,two 2-methoxy pyrazines were identified, probably responsible for its characteristicodour. Galbanumoil is composed mainly of hydrocarbon monoterpenes such as α?pinene, β?pinene and δ?3-carene, but these components hardlycontribute to their characteristic notes. Meanwhile, undecatrienes,methoxy-pyrazines, thiol ethers, sesquiterpenes alcohols and undecatrienespresent in trace amounts were identified as the real contributors to the aroma.These compounds have very low threshold values (ng/g). Similarly, the essentialoil of ?neneo? has olfactory characteristics that are not directly attributableto the major compounds. Comparativeolfatometric evaluation between M. spinosumand commercially availablegalbanum oil from Iran was undertaken to describe the odour profiling of both.This study was done by GC-O and descriptive analyses. The aromagrams obtainedof both samples showed defined segments with similar aroma descriptors thatcharacterize the sensory profile of each: green, moisture, earthy.Methoxypyrazines in ?neneo? were identified as the ones that conferred theseattributes in the same segment were the pyrazines are present in galbanum. ?Neneo?essential oil and resin were also subjected to olfactory evaluation by localfragrance industry to evaluate specific possibilities with promising results. Theresults obtained in this study