VALORIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES. PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS FROM RESIDUES OF PALM OIL INDUSTRY

CHEE LOONG TEO; ZAINUL AKMAR ZAKARIA; MELISA BERTERO; ULISES SEDRAN; JUAN RAFAEL GARCÍA; KHOIRUN NISA MAHMUD; SUZAMI JUNAIDAH ARIFFIN; ANI IDRIS; MARISA FALCO

Melaka

Conferencia; 6th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOTECHNOLOGY; 2016

IBD-UTM

Palm kernel shell (PKS) and empty fruit bunches, both raw (EFB R) and pre-treated by means of autoclaving (EFB A) and microwave (EFB M), were pyrolyzed in a fixed bed stainless steel reactor at 550 °C. The yield of the water-soluble liquid fraction (pyroligneous acid, PA) in the pyrolysis of PKS was 26 %wt. (dry basis), and in the range of 16-46 %wt. when different EFB were used. The yield of insoluble liquid fraction (bio-oil, BO) was 9.1 %wt. for PKS and up to 25 %wt. in the case of EFB. The PKS produced 13 %wt. of gases and 52 %wt. of char (carbonaceous solid residue), and the different EFB yielded 19-23 %wt. of gases and 33-41 %wt. of char. Liquid and gaseous products were analysed by conventional capillary gas chromatography. The pyroligneous acid from the PKS had 30 %wt. of total phenolic compounds (up to 24 %wt. phenol) and 46 %wt. acetic acid. On the other hand, the bio-oil from PKS had 43%wt. of total phenolic compounds (up to 26 %wt. phenol) and 17 %wt. acetic acid. The yields of by-products were of significance in all cases (13-23 %wt. of gases and 33-52 %wt. of char). These results show that the liquid products obtained from the pyrolysis of palm oil industrial wastes could be used in order to obtain chemical raw materials of worldwide extended use, while the by-products (gases and char) can be used as renewable energy sources.