PATRONES DE DIVERSIDAD NUCLEAR Y MITOCONDRIAL EN GUANACOS DE LA PATAGONIA

MATÉ M.L. , BUSTAMANTE A. , ZAMBELLI A. Y ARBELETCHE VIDAL-RIOJA L.

Santa María, Catamarca, Argentina

Congreso; IV Congreso Mundial sobre Camélidos; 2006

Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo del Gobierno de la Provincia de Catamarca, el Consejo Federal de Inversiones, la Fundación Biodiversidad

AbstractGenotype data from 14 microsatellite DNA and sequences from Control Region mitochondrial DNA wereused to assess the genetic diversity of four guanaco populations from Argentine Patagonia. These animals wererecently captured in the wild and maintained in semi-captivity for fiber production. Considerable nuclear geneticdiversity in these populations was suggested by the finding of a total of 162 alleles, an average mean number ofalleles per locus ranging from 6.50 to 8.19, and He values ranging from 0.66 to 0.74. Thirty-nine out of 56loci/population combinations were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium due to guanaco heterozygote deficiency,which may be explained by population subdivision. Contrasting with nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA variabilityresulted very low, since only three mitochondrial haplotypes among all the analyzed animals were found. Thehaplotype and nucleotide diversity ranged between 0.083-0.383 and 0.001-0.005, respectively.We concluded that numerical bottlenecks experienced by camelids during and after European colonization, affectedthe mitochondrial genome higher than to the nuclear genome. This unexpected result found in the guanacopopulation here analyzed, can be explained by the differences in their effective size.Key words: 1) Microsatellites, 2) Region Control, 3) ADN mitocondrial, 4) Diversity, 5) Genetics