In vivo antigenotoxic activity of Diplotaxis tenuifolia against cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage: Relevance of modulation of hepatic ABC efflux transporters

CARBALLO, MARTA A.; AYLLÓN-CABRERA, IVÁN; ROMA, MARTÍN I.; PERONI, ROXANA N.; SCHIARITI LAMPROPULOS, VICTORIA E.; LÓPEZ NIGRO, MARCELA M.

MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Año: 2018

1383-5718

Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that a diet with high contents of cruciferous vegetables(which belong to the Brassicaceae family) may reduce the incidence of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.However, some authors have postulated that they might bring about toxic effects. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to assess the effects of chronic administration of Diplotaxis tenuifolia (wild rocket), a species found inArgentina, concerning its putative genotoxicity or antigenotoxicity against the DNA damage inducer cyclophosphamide,and its ability to modulate the hepatic expression of ABC efflux transporters on mice. The alkalinecomet assay and the micronucleus test were used as genotoxicity biomarkers, and the ABC transporter expressionwas analyzed by Western-blotting. D. tenuifolia juice exhibited no genotoxicity in any of the three tested doses(p > 0.05), showing instead a protective effect against genotoxic damage induced by cyclophosphamide(p < 0.001) in a dose-dependent behavior. Furthermore, hepatic expression of ABCB1 remained unchanged inboth sexes at every dose, whereas ABCG2 expression increased in females (p < 0.05) and males (p < 0.01) atthe highest dose. Regarding ABCC2, sex-related differences were observed (p < 0.05), its expression decreasingin females (p < 0.05) and increasing in males (p < 0.05). The modulation of these transporters may contributeto the antigenotoxic effects of D. tenuifolia since they act as universal detoxifiers, excreting xenobiotics to thecellular exterior. Phytochemicals present in the juice such as glucosinolates, quercetin and kaempherol may beresponsible for these beneficial effects.