DIETARY SALBA (Salvia hispanica L) IMPROVES MYOCARDIAL OXIDATIVE STRESS IN A RAT MODEL OF VISCERAL ADIPOSITY, DYSLIPEMIA AND INSULIN RESISTANCE BY MODULATING ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSES AND PRO INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES

ALVAREZ SILVINA M; LOMBARDO Y; CREUS AGUSTINA; GIMENEZ MARIA SOFIA

Skagen

Simposio; 35th International Symposium on Diabetes and Nutrition; 2018

Objetive: Rats fed a sucrose-rich diet (SRD) develop a model that mimics several aspects of the human metabolic syndrome. The heart of these rats showed lipotoxicity, impaired glucose utilization, depletion of antioxidant defenses increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). We previously demonstrated that dietary Salba, a variety of chia seed, rich in 18:3 n-3 ALA, fiber, antioxidants and proteins improve lipotoxicity and the altered glucose metabolism, in the cardiac muscle of SRD fed rats. The present study investigated if the beneficial changes induced by dietary Salba seed in the heart of these rats involve mechanisms that improve or even reverse the depletion of the antioxidant defenses, the increase of ROS production and changes in plasma pro inflammatory cytokines.Methods: Wistar rats were fed a SRD (% energy: 60 sucrose, 23 corn oil (CO), 17 protein) for 3 months. After that, half of the animals continued with the SRD until months 6. In the other half CO was replaced by Salba-chia seeds for 3 months (SRD+chia). A reference group consumes a control diet all the time. In the heart muscle of all groups were analyzed: Enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the gene expression of MnSOD and GPx. ROS production and gene expression of p47NOX subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase. The expression of NF-E2 related nuclear factor Nrf2. Plasma levels of: IL-6, TNFα and biomarkers of oxidative stress (TBARS and protein carbonyl groups). Statistical analysis was made by ANOVA. Results: The replacement of CO by chia seed in the SRD showed that: i) the decreased activities of CAT, GPx and SOD were normalized/improved (p