INVESTIGADORES
PIERANTOZZI pierluigi
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Effects of Different Water Deprivation Levels on Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi Associated to Olives Trees
Autor/es:
PIERLUIGI PIERANTOZZI; ALEJANDRA BECERRA; MARIELA TORRES; DAMIÁN MAESTRI; EDUARDO TRENTACOSTE; CARLOS PUERTAS; EDUARDO NOUHRA
Lugar:
San Juan
Reunión:
Simposio; VII International Symposium on Olive Growing; 2012
Resumen:
Olive trees have a great
adaptability to adverse soil conditions and are typically grown on marginal
soils with low fertility. Water deficit and osmotic imbalance are the most
common stress affecting crops in arid and semi-arid regions. Tolerance to
osmotic stress in plants is a complex phenomenon and involves many changes at
the biochemical and physiological levels. However, the mechanisms behind the
modulation of tissue water conductivity and osmotic adjustment appear to be
affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water availability on
arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization (AMC) of olive trees (cv. Arbequina), grown
in two different agro-climatic environments. The experimental design included two water deficit treatments, one at
50% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration in Mendoza
province and another under natural rainfall in Cordoba province, and a treatment irrigated
at 100% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration in both provinces. The
root-associated soil samples from each individual plant (n=10) were randomly
collected between 10 to 20 cm
depth. Each sample consisted of five bulked sub-samples (200 cm3
soil cores). From each soil sample, olive roots were extracted stained and
their AMF structures quantified. Total AMF spore number was also quantified. The AMC rate was higher in treatments with less
water availability; the average increments were found to be 42% and 75% for Mendoza and Cordoba,
respectively (p ≤ 0.01). The same pattern was found in the AMF spores number; the
average increments for Mendoza and Córdoba were 42% and 121%, respectively (p ≤
0.01). These results indicate that treatments with less irrigation seem to
stimulate AM colonization and spore production. Further studies are desirable
in order to elucidate if AMF allow
to olive tree roots to access to soil water reservoir.