Genomic Overview of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Lactobacillus

RODRIGUEZ, C.; PETRELLI, L.; RAMÍREZ, M. S.; CENTRÓN, D.; HEBERT, E. M.; SAAVEDRA, L.

Lactobacillus Genomics and Metabolic Engineering.

Caister Academic Press

Año: 2018; p. 187 - 205

Inthe last years, the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria prevalent inclinical settings has risen, alarming both scientists and government agencies. Studieson the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance focused mainly on bacteriaof clinical importance.However, commensal and environmental bacteria appearas a reservoir of the determinants of resistance to antibiotics found inbacteria of clinical origin. In particular, the food chain was proposed as themain route for the introduction of resistant bacteria associated with animalsand the environment.The emergence of antibiotic resistance can beattributed to several factors, such as the overuse of antibiotics both withinand outside of a clinical setting, random bacterial mutations leading toincreased resistance, not completing the course of an antibiotic prescription,and the use of antibiotics in farming and agricultural. A summary of acquiredantibiotic resistance genes to tetracycline, erythromycin and aminoglycosides anda genomic overview of these resistance genes in Lactobacillus is described in this chapter