MEJORAS CONDUCTUALES POR LA INGESTA DE ACEITE DE PISTACHO, EN RATAS MACHO GESTADAS POR MADRES CON DIABETES EXPERIMENTAL.

COIRINI, E.; TAPIA, A. J.; MAGRINI-HUAMÁN, R.N.; REY, MARIANA; FERESIN, G. E.; IGHANI, M.; COIRINI, H

San Juan

Congreso; Tercer Encuentro de Investigadores de la RADU; 2018

The Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications of pregnancy. GDM is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy and is a well-established risk factor for adverse infant health outcomes, including fetal macrosomia, birth trauma, neonatal hypoglycemia, and fetal death. The hyperglycemia could increase the oxidative stress status and also affect the development of the central nervous system, generating postnatal memory and behavioral changes in the adulthood. On the other hand, it is well known that some nutrients consumption improves and have a beneficial impact on health. Since the last decades, the study of several healthy foods on different pathologies is having a great relevance. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by foods enriched in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Several works demonstrated that these compounds reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and improve cognitive health. These properties could be attributed to their antioxidant effects. Among the largest sources of these compounds are the extra virgin olive oil (OL) and the pistachio oil (PS). Taking into account the GDM progeny concern, the aim of this work was to evaluate the cognitive state of offsprings from dams with GDM, and analyze the effect of different oils supplementation. Thus, the Open Field (OF) and the Morris Water Maze (MWM) behavioural tests were selected for this evaluation. The first one analyzes the exploratory response, linked to anxious behavior, and the second one evaluates parameters associated with learning and memory processes. Male offsprings of control dams (CO) or dams with experimental induced diabetes (streptozotocin 30 mg/Kg iv; DO) were supplemented daily with water (W), corn oil (MZ), OL or PS from 2 to 62 days of age (8μl/15g weight). The tests were made at the age of 8 month. Inside each test, CO and DO groups had different responses. In general the DO groups presented lower performances than the CO groups. In the OF trials, the PS produced beneficial effects in both birth conditions. Therefore, the PS intake could probably increase the exploratory ability, and this could be attributed to the antioxidant properties of its components. In MWM, the DO males that received Ps had a better spatial location capacity than DO with W. The obtained results allow to infer that perinatal supplementation with Ol and/or Ps counteracts the changes caused by a hyperglycemic gestation, and also provide benefits in CO animals. In the future it would be interesting to evaluate the effect of these oils on other systems, to add more information about the possibility of improve the DO status.