INVOLVEMENT OF GRAPE-DERIVED BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ON HIGH-FAT DIET INDUCED MICROBIOTA DYSBIOSIS

PERDICARO DJ; MUSCIA V; ASENSIO JA; ANTONIOLLI A; DUMAN H; FRESE SA; VAZQUEZ MA

Congreso; Socidad Argentina de Fisiologia; 2023

Introduction: Gastrointestinal tract, and in particular the microbiota, plays a very important role in pathologies associated with excess caloric intake, overweight and obesity. Long-term consumption of a high fat diet (HFD) can affect the composition of the microbiota. Bioactives compounds can have a major influence on gut microbiota composition, and subsequently, on its impact on overall health. Grape pomace extract (GPE), concentrated in polyphenolic compounds, has shown to attenuated metabolic alterations such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance and prevented adipose tissue inflammation in experimental models of metabolic syndrome induced by high-fat and/or high-fructose diets. Objectives: To evaluate how dietary intervention with GPE can modulate metabolic parameters and gut microbiota dysbiosis associated with high-fat diets. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 7-8 each) and fed for 14 weeks as follows: i) Control group (Ctrl): standard diet; ii) Ctrl group + diet supplemented with GPE: 300 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day iii); iv) HF (high fat) group; control diet containing 60% of total calories from fat and v) HF + GPE 300 mg/kg bw/day. Results: Consumption of a HFD resulted in obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, shown by a significantly increased in body weight and visceral adipose tissue (AT) gain, total and LDL cholesterol levels, fast glucose and insulin levels and HOMA:IR index, respectably. GPE supplementation significantly prevented body weight and visceral AT gain and attenuated the altered metabolic parameters. Moreover, among microbiota changes associated with HFD consumption, we observed a significant difference on intestinal microbial community between the HF and the Ctrl and Ctrl + GPE groups. On the other hand, GPE supplementation to the HFD attenuated HFD-increases the mean abundance of Ruminococcaceae bacteria. Conclusion: In summary, GPE consumption, rich in polyphenols compounds, can protect from HFD induced metabolic alterations and may contribute to prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis.