Aflatoxins and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: yeast modulates the intestinal effect of aflatoxins, while aflatoxin B1 influences yeast ultrastructure

DOGI C.A; CRISTOFOLINI, ANDREA; GONZÁLEZ PEREYRA M.L; FOCHESATO, A; MERKIS, C; DALCERO, ANA; CAVAGLIERI L.R.

World Mycotoxin Journal

Wagenigen Academic

Año: 2017

1875-0710

The aim of the present work was to study the toxic effect of chronic AFB1 exposure on gut villi in the presence of probiotic S. cerevisiae RC016 strain. Male Wistar inbred rats (36) were divided into six groups and housed in stainless steel cages kept in controlled conditions, for 60 days. Six treatments were applied: 1) uncontaminated feed (F) control, 2) yeast control, 3) F + 40 ppb AFB1, 4) F + 100 ppb AFB1, 5) F + 40 ppb AFB1 + daily oral dose of 108 cells/ml S. cerevisiae, 6) F + 100 ppb AFB1 + daily oral dose of 108 cells/ml S. cerevisiae. Morphometric measurements of intestinal variables were carried out: length of villi, width of villi, intestinal crypt depth and quantification of goblet cells. Paraffin-embedded intestinal tissues were for TUNEL technique and used to calculate the apoptotic index. The in vitro effect of AFB1 on yeast cell was studied, and then they were processed for HRLM and TEM studies. Dietary exposure to AFB1 induced an increase in crypt depth, large and width of the rat?s villi. The addition of S. cerevisiae RC016 induced an increase in the large of villi but there was not a synergism between both treatments (toxin and yeast). The addition of S. cerevisiae RC016 showed similar values for width of villi and an increase in the crypt depth. Diets contaminated with AFB1 showed a significant decrease in the number of goblet cells that was improved with the addition of S. cerevisiae RC016. Exposure to AFB1 reduced apoptotic index, while the addition of S. cerevisiae RC016 increased apoptosis, allowing the cellular remodeling of this tissue. A significant increase in the yeast cell diameter in the presence of AFB1 was an expected behavior because a larger cell was able to adsorb the mycotoxin more efficiently.