Neuroprotective Properties of Cannabinoids in Cellular and Animal Models: Hypotheses and Facts New Approaches and Prospects

LUCAS D. UDOVIN, ANDREA AGUILAR, TAMARA KOBIEC, MARÍA I. HERRERA, SANTIAGO PEREZ LLORET, NICOLÁS TORO URREGO AND RODOLFO A. KÖLLIKER FRERS, F CAPANI

Neuroproctection

Intechopen

Año: 2021; p. 1 - 13

Autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases are characterized by an oversensitive immune system with loss of the physiologicalendogenous regulation, involving multifactorial self-reactive pathological mechanisms of mono- or polygenic nature. Failurein regulatory mechanisms triggers a complex network of dynamic relationships between innate and adaptive immunity,leading to coexistent autoinflammatory and autoimmune processes. Sustained exposure to a trigger or a genetic alterationat the level of the receptors of the natural immune system may lead to abnormal activation of the innate immune system,adaptive system activation, loss of self-tolerance, and systemic inflammation. The IL-1 family members critically activateand regulate innate and adaptive immune responses? diversity and plasticity in autoimmune and/or autoinflammatoryconditions. The IL-23/IL-17 axis is key in the communication between innate immunity (IL-23-producing myeloid cells)and adaptive immunity (Th17- and IL-17-expressing CD8+ T cells). In psoriasis, these cytokines are decisive to thedifferent clinical presentations, whether as plaque psoriasis (psoriasis vulgaris), generalized pustular psoriasis (pustularpsoriasis), or mixed forms. These forms reflect a gradient between autoimmune pathophysiology with predominantadaptive immune response and autoinflammatory pathophysiology with predominant innate immune response.