Multidimensional overview of neurofilament light chain contribution to comprehensively understanding multiple sclerosis

RODOLFO A. KÖLLIKER FRERS, 1 , 2 , MATILDE OTERO-LOSADA,CORRESPONDING AUTHOR 1 , * , TAMARA KOBIEC, 1 , 3 LUCAS D. UDOVIN, 1 MARÍA LAURA AON BERTOLINO, 1 MARÍA I. HERRERA, 1 , 3 AND FRANCISCO CAPANI 1 ,

Frontier in Immunology

Frontiers

Año: 2022

1664-3224

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative diseasecharacterized by demyelination, progressive axonal loss, and varying clinicalpresentations. Axonal damage associated with the inflammatory processcauses neurofilaments, the major neuron structural proteins, to be releasedinto the extracellular space, reaching the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and theperipheral blood. Methodological advances in neurofilaments’ serologicaldetection and imaging technology, along with many clinical and therapeuticstudies in the last years, have deepened our understanding of MSimmunopathogenesis. This review examines the use of light chainneurofilaments (NFLs) as peripheral MS biomarkers in light of the currentclinical and therapeutic evidence, MS immunopathology, and technologicaladvances in diagnostic tools. It aims to highlight NFL multidimensional value asa reliable MS biomarker with a diagnostic-prognostic profile while improvingour comprehension of inflammatory neurodegenerative processes, mainlyRRMS, the most frequent clinical presentation of MS