2-Vinyl-4H-1,3-Dithiin, a Bioavailable Compound from Garlic, Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation and Migration by Reducing Oxidative Stress

TORRES-PALAZZOLO, CAROLINA; DE PAOLA, MATILDE; QUESADA, ISABEL; CAMARGO, ALEJANDRA; CASTRO, CLAUDIA

PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION

SPRINGER

Año: 2020

0921-9668

Organosulfur compounds (OSCs) of garlic have various health benefits including anti-hypertensive effect. It has been describedthat volatile OSCs uptake occurs into a moderate extent. Among the bioavailable OSCs present in garlic, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin(2VD) is a main component in garlic macerated oil and stir-fried garlic but has been poorly investigated compared with othersOSCs, such allyl mercaptan (AM) and S-allyl cysteine (SAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2VD onvascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and compare them with thoseproduced byAMand SAC. Cell viability and proliferation were measured using tetrazolium dyeMTTassay and flow cytometry.Cell migration was evaluated by scrape-wound migration assay. OSCs anti-oxidative capacity was determined by measuringreactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and total antioxidant status (TAS). Non-toxic plasmatic concentrations (10 μg L−1) of2VD and AMinhibited VSMCs proliferation stimulated with 5%fetal bovine serum and impaired cell migration. In further flowcytometry analysis 2VD treatment resulted in a partial cell cycle arrest at G2 phase. The OSCs tested were able to prevent ROSincrease after angiotensin II stimulation and surprisingly 2VD induced higher total antioxidant status compared with AM andSAC. Our results showed that 2VD produces equivalent or superior beneficial effects on VSMCs to those reported for otherbioavailable compounds of garlic. This preliminary evidence suggests that 2VD intake could also exert important protectiveeffects against arterial remodeling in hypertension