Active Surveillance of Asymptomatic, Presymptomatic, and Oligosymptomatic SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals in Communities Inhabiting Closed or Semi-closed Institutions

AMBROSIS, NICOLÁS; MARTIN AISPURO, PABLO; BELHART, KEILA; BOTTERO, DANIELA; CRISP, RENÉE LEONOR; DANSEY, MARÍA VIRGINIA; GABRIELLI, MAGALI; FILEVICH, OSCAR; GENOUD, VALERIA; GIORDANO, ALEJANDRA; LIN, MIN CHIH; LODEIRO, ANIBAL; MARCECA, FELIPE; PREGI, NICOLÁS; LENICOV, FEDERICO REMES; ROCHA-VIEGAS, LUCIANA; RUDI, ERIKA; SOLOVEY, GUILLERMO; ZURITA, EUGENIA; PECCI, ADALI; ETCHENIQUE, ROBERTO; HOZBOR, DANIELA

Frontiers in Medicine

Frontiers Media S.A.

Año: 2021 vol. 8

Background: The high COVID-19 dissemination rate demands active surveillance to identify asymptomatic, presymptomatic, and oligosymptomatic (APO) SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals. This is of special importance in communities inhabiting closed or semi-closed institutions such as residential care homes, prisons, neuropsychiatric hospitals, etc., where risk people are in close contact. Thus, a pooling approach—where samples are mixed and tested as single pools—is an attractive strategy to rapidly detect APO-infected in these epidemiological scenarios. Materials and Methods: This study was done at different pandemic periods between May 28 and August 31 2020 in 153 closed or semi-closed institutions in the Province of Buenos Aires (Argentina). We setup pooling strategy in two stages: first a pool-testing followed by selective individual-testing according to pool results. Samples included in negative pools were presumed as negative, while samples from positive pools were re-tested individually for positives identification. Results: Sensitivity in 5-sample or 10-sample pools was adequate since only 2 Ct values were increased with regard to single tests on average. Concordance between 5-sample or 10-sample pools and individual-testing was 100% in the Ct ≤ 36. We tested 4,936 APO clinical samples in 822 pools, requiring 86–50% fewer tests in low-to-moderate prevalence settings compared to individual testing. Conclusions: By this strategy we detected three COVID-19 outbreaks at early stages in these institutions, helping to their containment and increasing the likelihood of saving lives in such places where risk groups are concentrated.