Potential bioactive ingredient from elderberry fruit: process optimization for a maximum phenolic recovery, physicochemical characterization, and bioaccessibility

MILAGROS GÓMEZ MATTSON; ROCÍO CORFIELD; LEONARDO BAJDA; OSCAR E. PÉREZ; CAROLINA SCHEBOR; DANIELA SALVATORI

Journal of Berry Research

IOS Press

Año: 2020

1878-5093

BACKGROUND: Dark-skin berries constitute a polyphenol-rich source of interest forthe development of functional ingredients.OBJECTIVE: To develop an elderberry powder, addressing technological aspects formaximum bioactive recovery, including physical quality and bioaccesibility of theantioxidant compounds.METHODS: An optimization of the combined process of enzyme-assisted extractionand freeze-drying was undertaken. Polyphenols and anthocyanins were quantified byspectrophotometric and HPLC-DAD analysis along processing stages and an in vitrodigestion model was used to study the antioxidant compound activity throughgastrointestinal tract and after transepithelial transport across a Caco-2 cell monolayer.Powder physical properties were also evaluated.RESULTS: The best extraction conditions were 45°C and 160 ppm enzyme. 10%maltodextrin was the minimum carrier concentration needed to get a freeze-dried powderwith good physical properties and maximum bioactive content. The phenolic compoundsidentified in fruits (mainly cyanidin-based anthocyanins, quercetin-3-rutinoside, catechinand, in smaller amounts, gallic and chlorogenic acids) were also present in the optimumextract and the powder. High bioaccesibility of bioactive compounds and antioxidantactivity were obtained after in vitro digestion and transepithelial transport.CONCLUSION: The designed elderberry powder showed great potential as functionalingredient to be used in berry juice-based beverages or other products formulated withfruit powders.