REVIEW: STREPTOMYCES SP. IS A POWERFUL BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TOOL FOR BIODEGRADATION OF HCH ISOMERS: BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR BASIS

CUOZZO S.,; SINELI, P.; DAVILA COSTA J.; TORTELLA, G.R

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2018

0738-8551

Actinobacteria are well-known as degraders of toxic materials with the ability to tolerate and remove organochloride pesticides they are widely used in bioremediation, as they demonstrate the presence of metabolic intermediates including: -PCCH (-pentachlorocyclohexene) and 1,4-TCDN (1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-1,4-cyclohexadiene); 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB), 1,3-dichlorobenzene (1,3-DCB) or 1,4-dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB), 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (1,2,3-TCB), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB) or 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (1,3,5-TCB), 1,3-DCB and 1,2-DCB. Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, especially (GC-MS), is the technique most commonly used for HCH-isomers metabolites. Important enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of HCH isomers degradation are: Hexachlorocyclohexane dehydrochlorinase (LinA), Haloalkane dehalogenation (LinB) and Alcohol Dehydrogenase (LinC). Considering, their metabolic versatility, advances have been made in the identification of Actinobacteria enzymes where the gene linB codifies for the enzyme haloalkane dehalogenase. This knowledge allows for future improvements in biodegradation processes by Actinobacteria.Enzyme and genetic characterization of the involved molecular mechanisms is still new, and future work is necessary to enhance clarification thus these current advances in the subject, make promising results.The scope of this paper encompasses the following subjects: (i) aerobic degradation pathways of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers; (ii) important genes and enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of HCH isomers degradation; (iii) identifying and quantifying intermediate metabolites through chromatography coupled with GC-MS.