Chapter 3: Advances in bioremediation of hexavalent chromium: cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and microbial alleviation strategies for environmental safety

VIÑARTA, SILVANA C; FERNANDEZ, P; FIGUEROA, LUCÍA I. C.; BERNAL, ANAHI R

Bioremediation for Environmental Sustainability: Toxicity, Mechanisms of Contaminants Degradation, Detoxification, and Challenges

Elsevier

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2020; p. 55 - 72

Chromium (Cr) is a potentially toxic metal originating from natural processes and anthropogenic activities. This heavy metal is highly toxic and carcinogen to living organisms and has an ecological risk. Therefore, the evaluation and remediation of contamination by Cr attracted a large study. Cr (VI) resistant microorganisms provided important tools with great biological relevance and biotechnological applications. This chapter summarizes the bioremediation technologies of Cr(VI) oriented to theoretical and practical applications, and a comparative study of different removal mechanisms (biosorption, bioaccumulation, complexation, and reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III)). The most relevant results of several investigations focused on the different microorganisms and its culture strategies were also discuss. However, bioremediation is still a challenging technique and new strategies to alleviate this metallic pollutant from the environment are still being investigated.