Phenolic content and antiradical activity of Pistacia vera cv Kerman, in different crop conditions and industrial processes

ZALAZAR GARCIA, DANIELA INES; FABANI, M. P; TAPIA, A; FERESIN. GABRIELA. E.

San Luis

Congreso; . XXXII Congreso Anual de la Soc. de Biología de Cuyo. Soc. de Biología de Cuyo.; 2014

Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo

In the last years, pistachio crops have been increased in Argentina. In the present, 787 ha are cultivated, of which 485 ha are in San Juan province, becoming the main production center of pistachio. Environmental factors such as temperature, soil properties, and climate are essential for the development and growth of Pistacia vera L. cv Kerman. The content of secondary metabolites, such as phenolics is influenced by terroir. The goal was to analyze and compare the content of total phenolics compounds, flavonoids and antiradical activity between three pistachios producers (A: Piste-Pistachos Argentines, B: Pistachos de los Andes and C: Fideicomiso Polo Pistachero) located in different regions of San Juan. Methanol acidic extracts were obtained from skin of natural and salted-roasted pistachios. The total phenolic (TP) content and flavonoids (FT) were measured using Folin?Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods respectively. In addition, the extracts were assessed through the scavenging effects on radical DPPH. Also, soil?s physicochemical properties were measured (pH and conductivity). The results indicated that, in natural pistachios a no significant difference was observed in TP content between pistachios samples of different procedure (1.4 ± 2 g GA/100 g skin). Furthermore, a slight but also not significant increment was observed in FT content between cultivars of different procedure or treatment (30 ± 4 mg Q/100 g skin). Related to DPPH radical scavenging, to 0.5 ppm all samples presented values major than 50% of capture capacity. Moreover the best activity was presented by pistachios roasted-salted from A samples 60.21% to 0.125 ppm. The pH average was 8 in all soils, but there was a significant difference in conductivity values in soil samples A: 159, B: 2500 and C: 3700 µS. This is a preliminary study, other parameters are necessary to make a complete comparative analysis of different pistachios in diverse crops conditions and industrial processes (SECITI-CICITCA-UNSJ. CONICET)