Associations between major dietary patterns and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in two urban midsized cities of Argentina

DEFAGÓ, MARÍA DANIELA; ELORRIAGA, NATALIA; POGGIO, ROSANA; IRAZOLA, VILMA EDITH

NUTRITION

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC

Año: 2019 vol. 67

0899-9007

Objective: To examine whether dietary patterns (DP) are associated with endothelial dysfunction (ED)markers in an Argentinian population.Research Methods & Procedures: Cross-sectional study. The sample belonged to 1,983 subjects from two midsizedcities of Argentina, involved in CESCAS I Study. To define DP, a food-frequency questionnaire wasapplied. In a subsample randomly selected from the primary cohort, serum concentrations of C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and soluble E selectin (sSELE) were determined. Correlations and multiple linear regressionmodels were used to assess the relation between each quartile of DP adherence score and ED markers (Q1lowest adherence; Q4 highest adherence).Results: Three DPs were identified: Traditional (TDP), Prudent (PDP), and Convenience and processed (CDP).TDP was characterized by higher intake of refined grains, red meat, whole fat dairy products, vegetable oils,and ?mate?, a traditional South American infused drink; PDP was characterized by higher intake of vegetables,fruit, low-fat dairy products, whole grains, and legumes; and CDP consisted mainly of processed meat,snacks, pizza, and ?empanadas?, a stuffed bread served baked or fried. Lower scores (Q2, Q3) in TDP wereinversely associated to concentrations of sSELE (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.05, respectively). In PDP, higher scoreswere inversely associated with hs-CRP, whereas lower scores showed a positive relation with sSELE (P <0.05). Contrariwise, higher scores in CDP were directly associated with sSELE concentrations (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Adherence for each DP identified is differentially related to EDmarkers in the studied population.