Bile and plasma metabolic fingerprinting in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to glyphosate

LÓPEZ ACA, V.; GONZALEZ, P.V.; MARINO, D.J.; CARRIQUIRIBORDE, P.

Buenos Aires

Congreso; Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Latin-American XI Biennial Meeting; 2015

Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Latin-American

In the last years, controversy has risen on the potential toxicity of the most worldwide used herbicide, the glyphosate. In the present study a metabolomic approach was used to characterize the metabolic fingerprint in the bile and plasma of the common carp (C. carpio) exposed to the active ingredient of the herbicide. Three juvenile fish (47.8±5.6 g y 134.4±3.9) were waterborne exposed by duplicate to three sublethal concentrations (0.01, 1.0, 100 mg/L) during 2 and 8 d. The bile and plasma extracts were analyzed by HPLC-MS using an electrospray ionization source (ESI) in negative and positive mode. MS data were processed using the XCMS software for peak identification and alienation. Each set of data were then compared using the metaXCMS software. Higher number of features (ions) were obtain in the bile (ESI(-):1478; ESI(+): 1379) than in the plasma (ESI(-):163; ESI(+):345). A consistent time and concentration-dependent response of significantly responding features was only observed in the bile of fish exposed at the highest concentration or at longer exposure time. Fish at 100 mg/L showed 23 and 64 responding features in positive mode and 23 and 52 in negative mode after 2 and 8 days of exposure, respectively. On the other hand, after 8 d of exposure, the number of responding features were 28, 34, 60 (positive mode) and 22, 17 and 52 (negative mode) in fish exposed to 0.01, 1.0 y 100 mg/L respectively. In both cases, at the highest concentration the profile was outweighed by up-regulated features. A clear dose response behavior was observed for the following features (M= m/z: T= retention time (min)) in ESI(-): M324.2-T2.5; M770.6-T2.7; M 724.4-T8.7; M679.0-T15.4 and in ESI(+): M733.4-R9.3; M615.4-15.0; M659.4-T15.0; M658.4-15.0; M570.4-T15. In the bile of fish exposed during 48h a clear dose response was observed in only one feature in ESI(-): M281.2-T15. In comparison with other studied pesticides, glyphosate has displayed a subtle disruption of the biofluid metabolome, even at relatively high concentrations. However, more persistent exposures should be tested in order to evaluate potential longer-term effects induced by this herbicide.