Safety Auxiliary Feedback Element for the Artificial Pancreas in Type 1 Diabetes

REVERT, A.; GARELLI, F.; PICÓ, J.; DE BATTISTA, H.; ROSSETTI, P.; VEHÍ, J.; BONDIA, J.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIO-MEDICAL ENGINEERING

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC

Lugar: New York; Año: 2013 vol. 60 p. 2113 - 2122

0018-9294

The artificial pancreas aims at the automatic deliveryof insulin for glycemic control in patients with type 1diabetes, i.e., closed-loop glucose control. One of the challenges ofthe artificial pancreas is to avoid controller over-reaction leadingto hypoglycemia, especially in the late post prandial period. Inthis work, an original proposal based on sliding mode referenceconditioning ideas is presented as a way to reduce hypoglycemiaevents induced by a closed-loop glucose controller. The methodis inspired in the intuitive advantages of two-step constrainedcontrol algorithms. It acts on the glucose reference sent tothe main controller, shaping it so as to avoid violating givenconstraints on the insulin-on-board. Some distinctive features ofthe proposed strategy are that (i) it provides a safety layer whichcan be adjusted according to medical criteria, (ii) it can be addedto closed-loop controllers of any nature, (iii) it is robust againstsensor failures and over-estimated prandial insulin doses, (iv) itcan handle non-linear models. The method is evaluated in-silicowith the 10 adult patients available in the FDA-accepted UVAsimulator.