Phylogenetic relationships in Bulbostylis (Abildgaardieae: Cyperaceae) inferred from nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data

REUTEMANN, ANDREA G.; ARDISSONE, RODRIGO E.; LÓPEZ, MARÍA GABRIELA; MUCHUT, SEBASTIÁN ELIAS; BOLDRINI, ILSI; VEGETTI, ABELARDO CARLOS; GIUSSANI, LILIANA MÓNICA

SYSTEMATICS AND BIODIVERSITY

CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS

Lugar: Cambridge; Año: 2018 p. 1 - 12

1477-2000

Previous molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family Cyperaceae based on rbcL sequences showed Bulbostylis asparaphyletic, with B. atrosanguinea and B. hispidula forming a clade with Nemum spadiceum. On the contrary, phylogeneticanalyses of the tribe Abildgaardieae based on nuclear (ITS ribosomal region) and plastid sequences (trnL-F region) showedBulbostylis as monophyletic, although they only incorporated four species of Bulbostylis and none of Nemum. In this work, wepresented a phylogenetic hypothesis of Bulbostylis based on a comprehensive sampling, including species from differentcontinents for the first time. New sequences of Abildgaardia, Crosslandia, Fimbristylis, and Nemum were included to test themonophyly of Bulbostylis. In total, 84 sequences of both ITS and trnL regions were generated. Analyses were performedusing Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and parsimony. Ancestral state reconstruction was performed using ML,MCMC, and parsimony methods. In all analyses, Bulbostylis resulted paraphyletic as Nemum atracuminatum is nested withinit. Most American species of Bulbostylis grouped together, but relationships amongst them appeared poorly resolved.Ancestral state reconstructions of native distribution suggest an African ancestor of Bulbostylis, with at least three introductionindependent events of the species in America. Morphological diagnostic characters such as the ?style base permanence ordetachment from the ripe achene?, and the ?micromorphological patterns of the achene surface? are homoplastic in thisphylogenetic context, and therefore unsuitable to propose infrageneric groupings within the Bulbostylis.