Phlebotominae associated with leishmaniasis foci in argentina

SALOMON, D.; QUINTANA, M.G.; ORELLANO, P.; STEIN, M.; ROSA, J.; ACARDI, S.; LAMFRI, M.; SCAVUZZO, M.

Tunez

Simposio; Fifth international symposium on Phlebotomine sandflies; 2005

Institut Pasteur de Tunis

Tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) transmission in Argentina is endemic above 28° latitude south. The área (~450000km2) involves three ecological regions: western (Yungas), eastern (Paranaense) subtropical forests, and a xeric savannah between them (Chaco). Standardized phlebotomine captures with CDC light traps were performed from 1990 to 2004 in leishmaniasis foci thorough 9 endemic provinces. The results with the aid of satellite imagery are being used to support outbreak origin hypotheses, and to build maps of risk: Region Sites Spp. N Prevalent species Yungas 18 4 51419 L. neivai 98.0%; L. miqonei 1.2% Paranaense 15 13 18581 L. neivai 86.8%; L. whitmani 8.7% Chaco a 13 5 267 L migonei 69.0%; L. cortelezzii 15.7%; Chaco b 4 5 6792 L. nevai 96.3%; L. migonei 3.1% Yungas is a "Hot spots" within gallery forest and the peridomestic captures were performed near woods and animal dwellings. Paranaense: the peridomestic captures were done close to great patches of woods with high species diversity. Chaco a is a xeric environment and the results were similar to captures reported up to 1950. Chaco b is a main rivers and the results were similar to those of the Yungas region. The distribution of species with vector capacity suggests the probability of peridomestic transmission overlapped with a sylvatic cycle of lower intensity. The pert-urban foci in most of the cases are still related to phiebotominae source of populations from less disturbed environments. The factors that contributed to each LT outbreak were analyzed for the three regions.