Mycorrhizas in South American anthropic environment

PAGANO, MC; FALCAO, N; WEBER, OB; CORREA, EA; FAGGIOLI, VS; GRILLI, GABRIEL; COVACEVICH, F; CABELLO, MN

Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

SPRINGER

Año: 2019; p. 343 - 366

The agricultural expansion has leaded to increase the irrigated cropland area and the use of fertilizers, resulting in water degradation, increased energy use, and common pollution. Of particular concern is the increased interest to reduce the environmental impacts of high quantities of water dedicated to irrigation by agricultural activities. Increasing studies on the Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has showed their importance for soil ecology (Bradford 2014) and studies on their biodiversity have spread in some agro-ecosystems such as corn and soybean monocultures and coffee plantations. Therefore, it is needed to deeply study the mycorrhizal functions under global change. In this chapter, we examine the major developments and advances on mycorrhizal fungi based on recent research from South American countries. New reports on the occurrence of mycorrhizas in Amazonian dark earth, as well as the inoculum production of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native of soils under native forest covers , have resulted in a more detailed understanding of the soil biology from South America.