CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

Inoculation of plants with beneficial microorganisms improve plant performance but suffers from varying efficacies. Therefore, the combination of different inoculant strains was suggested. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of single or combined inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum, strain TGFG411, and a consortium of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) native from agricultural soils on plant growth promotion, root affected soil (RAS) and rhizosphere (RH) native microbial communities (here bacteria/archaea, fungi and AMF). For this objective, a greenhouse experiment was carried out with non-sterile agricultural soil, where four treatments consisting of single and combined inoculation were established: Non-inoculated as control, single inoculation with TGFG411, single inoculation with AMF, and combined inoculation with TGFG411 + AMF. Maize seeds were coated with a TGFG411 suspension before sowing and AMF consortia was inoculated close the roots. After seven weeks of maize cultivation in the greenhouse, we observed that both the single and combined inoculation of AMF and TGFG411 promoted shoot dry weigh but led to a significant reduction in root biomass in all inoculated treatments. High-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes and ITS fragments allowed us to observe changes in the composition of the bacterial community in the RH, and AMF and general fungi in RAS upon inoculation. TGFG411 strain successfully established in the soil. However, it remained open whether the AMF inoculum established as a differentiation from native soil AMF was not possible. However, a modulating effect of the native microbiota could be observed due to AMF inoculation. Additionally, our results suggest that there was a synergistic effect between the inoculated strains and the native soil microbiota.

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