The response of five tropical dicotyledon species to solar ultraviolet-b radiation

SEARLES PS; CALDWELL MM; WINTER K

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY

BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC

Año: 1995 vol. 82 p. 445 - 483

0002-9122

Tropical regions currently receive the highest levels of global solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-320 nm) even without ozone depletion. The influence of natural, present-day UV-B irradiance in the tropics was examined for five tropical species including three native rain forest tree species (Cecropia obtusifolia, Tetragastris panamensis, Calophyllum longifolium) and two economically important species (Swietenia macrophylla, Manihot esculenta). Solar UV-B radiation conditions in a small clearing on Barro Colorado Island, Panama (90 N), were obtained using either a UV-B-excluding plastic film or a film that transmits most of the solar UV-B. Significant differences between UV-B-excluded and near-ambient UV-B plants were often exhibited as increased foliar UV-B absorbing compounds and, in several cases, as reduced plant height with exposure to solar UV-B. Increases in leaf mass per area and reductions in leaf blade length under solar UV-B occurred less frequently. Biomass and photosystem II function using chlorophyll a fluorescence were generally unaffected. The results of this study provide evidence that tropical vegetation, including native rain forest species, responds to the present level of. natural solar UV-B radiation. This suggests that even minor ozone depletion in the tropics may have biological implications.