Genomic and phenotypic comparison between similar wine yeast strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from different origin

SALINAS F.; MADAKOVIC D.; URZUA U.; MASSERA A.; MIRAS, S.; COMBINA M.; GANGA, A.; MARTINEZ, C.

Paris, Francia

Simposio; 27th International Specialized Symposium of Yeast “Yeasts for health and biotechnologies” (ISSY); 2009

Commercial yeast strains of Saccharomcyes cerevisae used as cultre starters in wine industry are able to colonize new geographical areas and, over time, they con generate novel genotypes harbouring adaptative features for their permanency. Although several works have demonstrated the existence of high genetic variability as a consequence of long-term evolution in this yeast, limited experimental evidences about mechanisms operating in short-term periods have been described. With the objective to study genomic changes inducing genetic variability and its relationships with environmental adaptation of yeast strain EC1118 and two novel strains (LVCB and L-957) isolates from different wine areas industrially intervened just 20 yeast ago. Molecular analysis by AFLP and interdelta DAN fingerprinting was not able to distinguish satins. However, high resolution comparative genomic hybridization with cDNA microarrays (aCGH) showed discrete DNA gains and losses that allowed unequivocal identification. Furthermore, aCGH data support the hypothesis that satins LV CB and L-957 are derivates from strain EC1118. Finally, significant phenotypic differences in certain physiological and metabolic parameters were found among strains. We speculate that detected changes could be ultimately related with environmental adaptability of yeast