Edaphoclimatic Descriptors of Wild Tomato Species (Solanum Sect. Lycopersicon) and Closely Related Species (Solanum Sect. Juglandifolia and Sect. Lycopersicoides) in South America

IRIS EDITH PERALTA; JOSÉ LUIS CHÁVEZ-SERVIA; LEOPOLDO POMPEYO VÁSQUEZ-NÚÑEZ; GABRIELA RAMÍREZ-OJEDA; JAIME SAHAGÚN-CASTELLANOS; JORGE RODRIGO RIJALBA-VELA; EDUARDO RODRÍGUEZ-GUZMÁN; TULIO CECILIO MEDINA-HINOSTROZA; JUAN ENRIQUE RODRÍGUEZ-PÉREZ

Frontiers in Genetics

Frontiers Media S.A.

Lugar: Lausanne; Año: 2021 vol. 12 p. 1 - 16

1664-8021

Wild species related to cultivated tomato are essential genetic resources in breedingprograms focused on food security to face future challenges. The ecogeographic analysisallows identifying the species adaptive ranges and most relevant environmental variablesexplaining their patterns of actual distribution. The objective of this research was to identifythe diversity, ecological descriptors, and statistical relationship of 35 edaphoclimaticvariables (20 climatic, 1 geographic and 14 edaphic variables) from 4,649 accessionsof 12 wild tomato species and 4 closely related species classified in Solanum sect.Lycopersicon and clustered into four phylogenetic groups, namely ?Lycopersicon group?(S. pimpinellifolium, S. cheesmaniae, and S. galapagense), ?Arcanum group? (S. arcanum,S. chmielewskii, and S. neorickii), ?Eriopersicon group? (S. habrochaites, S. huaylasense,S. corneliomulleri, S. peruvianum, and S. chilense), ?Neolycopersicon group? (S. pennellii);and two phylogenetically related groups in Solanum sect. Juglandifolia (S. juglandifoliumand S. ochranthum), and section Lycopersicoides (S. lycopersicoides and S. sitiens). Therelationship between the climate and edaphic variables were determined by the canonicalcorrelation analysis, reaching 89.2% of variation with the first three canonical correlations.The most significant climatic variables were related to humidity (annual evapotranspiration,annual precipitation, and precipitation of driest month) and physicochemical soilcharacteristics (bulk density, pH, and base saturation percentage). In all groups,ecological descriptors and diversity patterns were consistent with previous reports.Regarding edaphoclimatic diversity, 12 climate types and 17 soil units were identified among all species. This approach has promissory applications for biodiversityconservation and uses valuable genetic resources related to a leading crop.