Trypanosoma cruzi infection in human placentas in vitro ex vivo induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

TRIQUELL, MF; PIEGARI, M.; MOREIRA-ESPINOZA, MJ ; DÍAZ-LUJÁN, C; BENIZIO, E; MEZZANO, L,; FRETES, RE

Simposio; XXX Reunión Anual de la Sociedad Argentina de Protozoología y Enfermedades Parasitarias. SIMPOSIO Internacional de Biología Celular y Molecular de la Enfermedad de Chagas (SAP 2018).; 2018

Congenital Chagas has become a global health problem due to the migration of chagasic mothers from endemic to non-endemic countries. Pregnancy is a special situation because the mother has a change in its immune system, with a predominance of Th2 cytokines. But, chagasic mothers with low incidence of transmission to the fetus have a predominance of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines. It has been shown that the placenta participates in the immune response and exert a deleterious effect on the parasite cell. Our laboratory has shown that, during placental tissue infection, there are changes in the expression of immunoregulatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-9.Therefore, we propose that during the phase of invasion by trypomastigotes and differentiation towards amastigotes, the chorionic villi modify the expression of cytokines that could be related to infection or placental functionality.Placental villi explants were co-cultured for 4 and 24 hours with 1x105 trypomastigotes (Tulahuen strains) or without parasites (control). T. cruzi invasion was quantified by qPCR. Immunohistochemical analysis of TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1β and IL-10 expression were performed. In culture supernatant: quantification of TNFα, IFNγ, IL-1β and IL-10 by ELISA were done.T. cruzi invasion at 4 and 24 hours post-infection was verified. Production of TNFα, IFNγ and IL-1β in syncytiotrophoblast and stromal cells of infected explants was higher than noninfected (p