EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN METABOLIC SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

BERTORELLO N; DEFAGO MD ; EYNARD AR ; LERDA D

Buenos Aires

Congreso; IUNS 21st International Congress of Nutrition; 2017

Sociedad Argentina de Nutrición

Background and objectives: omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3-PUFA)are increasingly being used in the management of several metabolic pathologies, due to its anti-inflammatoryrole. The aim was summarize the findings on the effects of ω3-PUFA on endothelial function in patientswith metabolic syndrome.Methods: an electronicliterature search from 2004-2015 in Medline, Lilacs, Cochrane Library andScielo, was conducted. We combined search terms related to the exposure (i.e. ω3-PUFA, syndrome metabolic) and outcomes ofinterest (blood pressure, endothelial dysfunction, endothelial markers). Randomized-controlled interventionaltrials without language restrictions were considered. PRISMA guidelineswere employed. Methodological quality, i.e. study design, sample size, bias,and statistical analysis, was assessed by STROBE.Results: 273 referenceswere identified, of which 25 were finally included. Articles were classified infood pattern modification (i.e. mediterranean-stylediet, prudent food pattern, n=7), ω3-PUFA supplementation(i.e. fish oil, flaxseed oil, EPA/DHA capsules, n=10) and mixed interventions(food pattern modification and ω3-PUFAsupplementation, n=8). Five articles with food pattern modification, reportedsignificantly reduction in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP),and four studies observed lower levels in C-reactive protein (CRP) with dietchange. In clinical trials with ω3-PUFA supplementation, three studies observed asignificant decrease in SBP with reduced circulation levels of CRP, sICAM-1,PAI-1 and IL-6. About mixed interventions, two studies reported lower levels ofSBP, DBP, CRP and IL-6.Conclusions: dietary interventions and supplementation with ω-3 PUFA inmetabolic syndrome are a relevant strategy to the maintenance of cardiovascularhealth and prevent future complications.